This biological adaptation may be of very kind: Structural Adaptations, Functional Adaptations, Color Adaptations and Behavioral Adaptations.
When biologists talk about this term they also use to relate it to the word Survival. There's also the expression "Survival of the Fittest", the explanation is that an environment tends to eliminate living things that are not suited to it. A plant that was not adapted to conserve moisture would soon die in the desert; an animal that stood out from its surroundings would be the most likely to fall prey to its enemies. This process of elimination is called natural selection. The phrase “survival of the fittest” refers to natural selection. Natural selection is an important factor in evolution.
An example of adaptation involving natural selection is found in the case of DDT and houseflies. When this insecticide was first used in the early 1940's, almost all the flies subjected to it were killed. Some, however, survived and continued to reproduce. Eventually only this type of resistant fly was left in the areas where DDT was used over a period of years.
Adaptation is not voluntary, but is based on inherited traits. The diversity of inherited traits is chiefly a result of mutation. Mutation is any change in the inherited characteristics of an organism which results in new traits that will be passed on to the organism's descendants. In any given environment, some traits will be advantageous and others will not. (In forests, the ability of an animal to climb trees might be an adaptation for survival, but on open grasslands speed would be more advantageous.) The organism that is best suited to its environment is most likely to survive and reproduce, and the traits that are not advantageous tend gradually to be eliminated.
Well, in our case that's how we survived, by evolving:
